Adage (French), Adagio (Italian)
Adage is a French word derived from the Italian “ad agio”, meaning at ease or leisure. English ballet teachers use “adage” the French adaptation, while Americans prefer the original Italian.
Adagio in classical ballet refers to a slow and graceful dance that is performed by a pair of dancers. It typically involves lifts, extensions, and fluid movements that require a great deal of control and balance from both dancers. Adagio is often used as a showcase for the technical skills and artistry of the dancers, and it is a key component of many classical ballets.
In dancing Adagio has two meanings
1. A series of exercises following the centre practice, consisting of a succession of slow and graceful movements which may be simple or of the most complex character, performed with fluidity and apparent ease. These exercises develop a sustaining power, sense of line, balance and the beautiful poise which enables the dancer to perform with majesty and grace.
The principal steps of adagio are pliés, développés, grand fouetté en tournant, dégagés, grand rond de jambe, rond de jambe en l’air, coupés, battements tendus, attitudes, arabesques, preparations for pirouettes and all types of pirouettes.
2. The opening section of the classical pas de deux, in which the ballerina assisted by her male partner, performs the slow movements and elements in which the danseur lifts, supports or carries the danseuse.
The danseuse thus supported exhibits her grace, line and perfect balance while executing développés, pirouettes, arabesques and so on, and achieves combinations of steps and poses which would be impossible without the aid of her partner.
Adagio adds depth and complexity to classical ballets, allows the dancers to showcase their technical skills and artistry, while also creating a sense of beauty and elegance on stage.
Adagio is an essential component of classical ballets because it requires a high level of skill, precision, and coordination from both dancers, making it a true test of their abilities.
Photos by Natasha Razina Kirov Ballet Archives, St. Petersburg, Russia